Malware Analyst Quiz

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1. What does the term ‘Zero-Day’ exploit refer to?

An exploit for which a patch has been available for zero days

An exploit that targets software vulnerabilities on the day they are publicly disclosed

An exploit that takes advantage of a vulnerability on the same day a software product is released

An exploit that targets a previously unknown vulnerability for which there is no patch available

2. What is the significance of ‘side-channel attacks’ in the context of cybersecurity?

These attacks exploit indirect information leakage from a system, such as timing, power consumption, or electromagnetic emissions, to extract sensitive data.

Side-channel attacks are focused on intercepting side communications between applications to gain unauthorized access.

They refer to attacks that target the less secure, peripheral systems connected to the main target.

They involve directly attacking cryptographic algorithms to break their encryption.

3. Which of the following best describes ‘signature-based detection’?

Detecting malware based on user complaints

Identifying malware based on specific patterns or ‘signatures’ found in the code

Using artificial intelligence to predict malware attacks

Detecting malware based on unusual behavior patterns

4. What is the primary goal of malware analysis?

To design malware for ethical hacking

To enhance the performance of malware

To determine the functionality, origin, and potential impact of a given malware

To identify the presence of malware in a system

5. In the realm of malware analysis, what is ‘steganography’ primarily used for?

To perform static analysis without executing the malware

To analyze the binary code of a malware executable

To encrypt data leaving no possibility of decryption

To hide malicious code or data within legitimate files or traffic

6. What is ‘Return-Oriented Programming’ (ROP) used for in the context of exploit development?

To execute shellcode by chaining together end gadgets of existing code sequences

To optimize the performance of the exploit code

To rewrite portions of the target program with custom code

To return the program to a safe state after an exploit attempt

7. What is ‘DLL Hijacking’ in the context of cybersecurity?

Deleting or corrupting DLL files to disrupt system functionality

Exploiting the search order of DLLs to execute malicious code

Encrypting DLL files to demand a ransom for decryption keys

Injecting malicious code into legitimate DLL files

8. You are analyzing a suspicious executable with IDA Pro. You notice several calls to the Windows API functions CreateProcess, WriteFile, and Connect. What could be the possible intention of the malware, and what further steps would you take to confirm your suspicions?

The malware could be attempting to perform file operations for persistence. Examining file paths and registry entries could provide more insights.

The executable is likely benign and requires no further analysis.

The malware intends to replicate itself, so you should search for replication mechanisms next.

The malware might be trying to communicate with a C2 server. Analyzing network traffic patterns could confirm this.

9. Which technique is often used by malware to modify the flow of control within a program without directly modifying its code?

API hooking

Code injection

Buffer overflow

Registry modification

10. What does the term ‘sandbox’ refer to in malware analysis?

A method for cleaning infected systems

A database of known malware signatures

A tool for encrypting malware

A secure environment isolated from the main network where malware can be executed and analyzed

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